<i>Sinomenium</i> Inhibits the Viability of Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells through Activating IFNA2

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the sixth place of most common cancers. Meanwhile, it is the tertiary mortality cause of cancer. There is no effective therapeutic method to prevent and treat the liver cancer. Sinomenine is a kind of Chinese traditional medicine herbal, it is reported that it can inhibit the viability of several cancer cells. The study is to explore whether sinomenine is also able to inhibit the cell viability of HCC and its potential mechanism. The IC50 of sinomenine in BEL-7402 cells was 5.351 mmol/L, and the IC50 of sinomenine in SMMC-7721 cells was 6.204 mmol/L. The gene expression results showed the relative expression of FGF2, CCND2, DCN, F3, MMP7, NRG1, HMGB1, TRIM29, HAS2, EHF, CTGF, PLK2 were down-regulated, and the relative expression of VEGF A, CITED2, NUPR1, DDX58, IRF9, NAMPT, MMP1, NDRG1, HMGA2, PPARGC1A, IFIT2, PARP9, HEY1, LOX, ETV1, ISG15, BACH, CYLD were up-regulated. Moreover, the IPA analysis results suggested that IFIT3, IFIT1, OAS1, MX1, IRF9, IFI6, IFITM1, ISG15 were up-regulated in BEL-7402 cells treated with sinomenine by activating IFNA2. The findings presented in this study may provide a promising method for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.     

Efficient Denoising Framework for Mammogram Images with a New Impulse Detector and Non-Local Means

Objective: The survival rates of breast cancer are increasing as screening and diagnosis improve. The removal of noise is revealed to be a significant step for automatic - computer aided detection (CAD) of microcalcification in digital mammography. Methods: In this paper, a combined approach for eradicating impulse noise from digital mammograms is proposed. The process is achieved in two stages, detection of noise followed by filtering of noise. The detection of noise is carried out by using Modified Robust Outlyingness Ratio (mROR) trailed by an extended NL (Non-Local)-means filter for filtering mechanism. Results: According to the value of mROR, all pixels in mammogram images are divided into four distinct groups. In each cluster, many decision rules are then applied for detecting the impulse noise. Filtering is done with NL-means filter by providing a reference mammogram image. Conclusion: The comparative analysis and evaluated results are compared with some existing filters which indicate that the proposed structure outperforms the analysed result of others.     

miR-149与肿瘤关系的研究进展

miRNAs是一类长度约为20~25个核苷酸，参与基因调控表达的内源性非编码RNA。miR-149作为miRNAs的重要成员，在多种肿瘤中表达异常，其表达水平与肿瘤细胞增殖、转移、凋亡、耐药、患者的早期诊断及预后密切相关。因此，miR-149有望成为新一类抗肿瘤治疗的靶点。     

Prevalence of HER2 Expression and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Parameters in Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma in North-East Indian Population

Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (erbb2/HER2) overexpression, has now been implicatedin advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. The study was conducted to determine the rate of HER2positivity in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma in North-EastIndia and to assess the impact of various demographic and clinical parameters on HER2 positivity. Methods: A total of68 patients of age >18 years of gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma diagnosed on histopathological examinationfrom September 2016 to February 2018 at Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Assam were enrolled for the observational(epidemiological) study. All patients were subjected to the HER2 immunohistochemistry test using a FDA-approved,standardized test kit. HER2 expression was correlated with various demographic and clinicopathological parameters.Results: The overall rate of HER2 positivity in the population studied was 56% (n=38). The rate was non-significantlyhigher in male, older age group (>60 years) and Hindu population. Similarly, HER2 positivity rate was higher in patientswith well differentiated histology and was more common in patients with stage II and III diseases, but neither of theassociations is statistically significant. HER2 positivity rate was significantly higher in proximal and in GEJ tumours(56% versus 44%, P=0.002). Conclusion: HER2 overexpression was evident in 56% of the North-East Indian patientswith locally advanced and metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. The overexpression correlatedsignificantly with primary tumour site. Routine testing of gastric and gastroesophageal tumours for HER2 expressionis recommended to provide a therapeutic advantage in Indian patients.     

Outcomes after neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy for cT2-4N0-1 non–small cell lung cancer: A propensity-matched analysis

Objective

Comparative survival between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer has not been extensively studied.